Address Error Exception

The Nintendo 64's CPU, the VR4300, can throw an Address Error Exception. This occurs when lookup to an invalid or non-existent address occurs, most commonly as a Null Pointer Exception, which is an Address Error Exception caused by attempting to access an address of 0 (NULL).

Exploits

Address Error Exceptions often have exploit potential on Wii VC since the Wii VC emulator ignores null pointer exceptions. This means that a read from a null address into a register will actually leave the register untouched with its last value and resume normal execution.

We can then analyze crashes that cause Address Error Exceptions.

Cause	ACE Exploitable	Any Exploitable	Notes
Deleting a non-existent file on the File Select Screen	No	Doubtful	sMainMenuButtons[MENU_BUTTON_ERASE]->oMenuButtonActionPhase is NULL when written to. For selecting 'NO' this results in the button zoom being unaffected. 'YES' is more complex. It's just a write and the copy menu doesn't allow for this glitch, so this is unlikely to be exploitable. Plus, there's barely anything to work with when we're not even in-game.
Moving a shadow above surface 12 while it's over OOB
Killing a Monty Mole remotely	No	No	o->oMontyMoleCurrentHole->oMontyMoleHoleCooldown = 30 causes crash as mario needs to be < 1500 units for monty to select a hole (otherwise it's null)
Killing an uninitialized Monty Mole	No	No	(same as above)
Going out of bounds in a room with a painting	No	No	`gPaintingMarioFloorType` is what is affected, and it's updated every frame the OoB check happens; at most, you could maybe delay entering a painting by 1 frame
Being pushed off of a hang-able ceiling while in the idle hanging action	No	Doubtful	No effect for idle loop hang t8, last use of t8 set is jr t8 which is never the hang-able value 0x05) Relevant code (sp24 is gMarioState): //! Crash if Mario's referenced ceiling is NULL (same for other hanging actions) if (m->ceil->type != SURFACE_HANGABLE) { 12a4: 8fa80018 lw t0,24(sp) 12a8: 24010005 li at,5 12ac: 8d090064 lw t1,100(t0) 12b0: 85390000 lh t9,0(t1) 12b4: 13210008 beq t9,at,12d8 <act_start_hanging+0xf0> 12b8: 00000000 nop Since the t9 load is skipped, the only effect could be to potentially cause Mario to stay hanging for a single frame without a ceiling. After that, `perform_hanging_step` will catch the fact that Mario's ceiling is NULL and stop the hang. Similar effects on PAL version.
Sound glitch	N/A	N/A	The cause of sound glitch is unknown. Contrary to popular belief, it can sometimes occur on versions other than the original Japanese N64 release.
Teleporting while passing over a loading zone	Unknown	Yes	Since the area changed, there is now no teleporter with the same ID as the one Mario used to warp. Thus the game returns NULL when trying to find the teleporter to warp to, and crashes when trying to access information about its destination. Under certain conditions, this can cause a Wrong Warp on PAL or Shindou VC.
Warping out of a level while passing over a loading zone			Similar to above, but only hypothetical. Maybe possible in DDD using the Sub Gate warp and whirlpool cloning to reach the instant loading zone, but not yet achieved without hacks.