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'''Speed''', abbreviated as '''SPD''', is a type of internal variable that represents how many [[unit]]s [[Mario]] moves per frame. There are many speed variables, such as Horizontal Speed (HS), Vertical Speed (VS), X/Y/Z Speed, Sliding Speed, and X/Z Sliding Speed. These variables do not always represent how much Mario ''actually'' moves per frame; for example, when something is in his way, so he has horizontal speed but isn't going anywhere.
'''Speed''', often abbreviated as '''SPD''', is a type of internal variable that represents how many [[unit]]s [[Mario]] moves per frame. There are many speed variables, such as Horizontal Speed (HS), Vertical Speed (VS), X/Y/Z Speed, Sliding Speed, and X/Z Sliding Speed. These variables do not always represent how much Mario ''actually'' moves per frame; for example, when something is in his way, Mario can have horizontal speed without going anywhere. See [[De Facto Speed]] for more.


==Gravity==
==Gravity==
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==Negative Speed Buildup==
==Negative Speed Buildup==
The main reason why Mario is able to get massive amounts of negative speed so easily, is because although the game developers capped Mario's positive speed, they forgot to give a cap to negative speed, allowing Mario to gets hundreds, thousands, or even millions of units of speed with tricks such as the [[Backwards Long Jump]], [[Hyperspeed Walking]] and [[Backwards Shell Hyperspeed]]. This slight oversight is the main root of many speed-gaining tricks in the game.
The main reason why Mario is able to get massive amounts of negative speed so easily, is because although the game developers often hard capped Mario's positive speed, they usually just soft capped Mario's negative speed allowing Mario to get hundreds, thousands, or even millions of units of speed with tricks such as the [[Backwards Long Jump]], [[Hyperspeed Walking]] and [[Backward Shell Hyperspeed]]. This slight oversight is the main root of many speed-gaining tricks in the game. Although, it's worth noting that some sorts of Mario's positive speed (just as some other negative) have no cap at all, such as airborne accelleration of 0.15 units per frame^2 (which allows Mario to build positive speed with HSWK, pedro spot etc.).
 
But it is usually easier to build negative speed than positive one. For example, while [[Long Jump]] speed has both positive cap (48) and negative cap (-16), the positive one is hard capped (at the beginning of the long jump, it is immediatelly set to 48 if it's higher), while the negative one is soft capped (it is slowly increasing to -16 if it's lower (note: lower negative is further from zero, not closer)). That's why Mario can build speed while jumping backwards (BLJ), but not forwards.
 
The maximum amount of negative speed Mario is able to build up is approximately -3*10^38. At higher speeds, Mario's intended next position increases beyond the highest finite value the game can store his position in, and the game crashes.
[[Category:Mechanics]]